SP Energy HubAnnual ReportReliabilitySustainabilityInnovation Upholding our energy networks for 36 years and counting RELIABILITY Backed by 36 years of experience at SP Group, veteran engineer Ang Seng Kok has been part of a gamut of iconic projects and meticulous operations that have established Singapore’s world-class power grid. Currently the General Manager of Projects at SP PowerGrid, he oversees the implementation of Electricity and Gas projects such as installation and renewal of electricity equipment and cables, substation modification works, installation of gas transmission and distribution pipelines, and diversion works. “A major project we’re working on is the transmission and distribution switchgear and cable renewal works at Admiralty Road West 230kV substation. The equipment has reached the end of its service life and replacement works are needed to maintain overall network reliability.” He vividly remembers the intricate details of his career at SP as well PUB prior to corporation. Seng Kok at Telok Blangah depot during his first posting to the Operations and Maintenance Central section in 1988. In 1985, Seng Kok started with the Operations and Maintenance Central section. He obtained his switching certificate to operate 22kV networks and was trained to conduct equipment maintenance, fault repair and cable diversion. He recalled his initial years when he benefitted from overseas exposure. “One of my first postings at SP Group (then PUB) was at the Public Lighting section. My team was in charge of installing and maintaining street lighting for public roads for the entire island. In 1994, I was sent to Holland for a two-week lighting course to learn about the best lighting designs for road users so as to provide safe and comfortable vision for road users at night." Seng Kok (fourth from left) with his course mates during the lighting course in Europe, in 1994. An incident that left the deepest impression was when he was with the Distribution Control & Customer Service section. A major power outage occurred in 2004 at around 10pm and one-third of the customers were affected. “As head of the section, I was on my usual round-the-clock standby in case of any network disruption. I recall sprinting down the staircase from the 13th floor of my apartment as the lift stopped working. I had to brave the darkness and drove to the control centre safely with no operating traffic lights and streetlights while staying on the phone line to provide situation updates!” Seng Kok with the Electricity Service Centre crew when he was with the Distribution Control & Customer Service section in 2008. In 2016, Seng Kok assumed responsibilities in Procurement which he felt was his “most interesting stint” as he held his first non-engineering role. “It was an eye-opening experience carrying out factory audits before awarding tenders to manufacturers. We had to ensure adequate manufacturing capability, sound processes for quality control and assurance are in place and workers are well trained. Seng Kok (centre) with engineers from SP PowerGrid at a substation. The 61-year-old added, “After doing my tour of duty across different teams, I am back to where I first began. It has come full circle for me! However, the way we operate has changed tremendously over the years, with energy transformation, digitalisation and higher customer expectations. To be effective in what we do, it’s important to stay agile and keep up to date with best practices and technology.” TAGS PEOPLE OF SPRELIABILITY YOU MIGHT BE INTERESTED TO READ Ground feedback, digital tools: How she helps 8,000 workers end their day safely Faster repairs, fewer disruptions: Meet the innovative teams using smart tech to keep your piped gas supply flowing Engineer, 27, shares how she is undaunted by male-dominated energy industry & climbs the ranks

MEDIA RELEASE ELECTRICITY TARIFF REVISION FOR THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY TO 31 MARCH 2020 Singapore, 30 December 2019 – For the period from 1 January to 31 March 2020, electricity tariffs (before 7% GST) will increase by an average of 3.5% or 0.81 cent per kWh compared with the previous quarter. This is due to higher energy cost compared with the previous quarter. For households, the electricity tariff (before 7% GST) will increase from 23.43 to 24.24 cents per kWh for 1 January to 31 March 2020. The average monthly electricity bill for families living in four-room HDB flats will increase by $2.76 (before 7% GST) (see Appendix 3 for the average monthly electricity bill for different household types). Cents/kWh 25.00 24.00 23.00 22.00 21.00 20.00 19.00 18.00 17.00 16.00 15.00 Quarterly Household Electricity Tariff* 24.13 23.65 23.85 24.22 24.24 23.43 22.79 22.15 Apr - Jun '18 Jul - Sep '18 Oct - Dec '18Jan - Mar '19 Apr - Jun '19 Jul - Sep '19 Oct - Dec '19Jan - Mar '20 *before 7% GST SP Group reviews the electricity tariffs quarterly based on guidelines set by the Energy Market Authority (EMA), the electricity industry regulator. The tariffs given in Appendix 1 have been approved by the EMA. Issued by: SP Group 2 Kallang Sector Singapore 349277 www.spgroup.com.sg Appendix 1 ELECTRICITY TARIFFS FROM 1 JANUARY 2020 LOW TENSION SUPPLIES, DOMESTIC All units, ¢/kWh LOW TENSION SUPPLIES, NON-DOMESTIC All units, ¢/kWh HIGH TENSION SMALL (HTS) SUPPLIES Contracted Capacity Charge $/kW/month Uncontracted Capacity Charge $/chargeable kW/month kWh charge, ¢/kWh Peak period (7.00am to 11.00pm) Off-peak period (11.00pm to 7.00am) Reactive power Charge ¢/chargeable kVARh HIGH TENSION LARGE (HTL) SUPPLIES Contracted Capacity Charge $/kW/month Uncontracted Capacity Charge $/chargeable kW/month kWh charge, ¢/kWh Peak period (7.00am to 11.00pm) Off-peak period (11.00pm to 7.00am) Reactive power Charge ¢/chargeable kVARh EXTRA HIGH TENSION (EHT) SUPPLIES Contracted Capacity Charge $/kW/month Uncontracted Capacity Charge $/chargeable kW/month kWh charge, ¢/kWh Peak period (7.00am to 11.00pm) Off-peak period (11.00pm to 7.00am) Reactive power Charge ¢/chargeable kVARh Existing Tariff (without GST) New Tariff (without 7% GST) New Tariff (with 7% GST) 23.43 24.24 25.94 23.43 24.24 25.94 8.90 8.90 9.52 13.35 13.35 14.28 20.85 21.76 23.28 12.71 13.28 14.21 0.59 0.59 0.63 8.90 8.90 9.52 13.35 13.35 14.28 20.63 21.54 23.05 12.70 13.27 14.20 0.59 0.59 0.63 7.87 7.87 8.42 11.81 11.81 12.64 19.72 20.62 22.06 12.60 13.16 14.08 0.48 0.48 0.51 Appendix 2 BREAKDOWN OF ELECTRICITY TARIFF 1. The electricity tariff consists of the following four components: a) Energy costs (paid to the generation companies): This component is adjusted quarterly to reflect changes in the cost of fuel and power generation. The fuel cost is the cost of imported natural gas, which is tied to oil prices by commercial contracts. The cost of power generation covers mainly the costs of operating the power stations, such as the manpower and maintenance costs, as well as the capital cost of the stations. b) Network costs (paid to SP PowerAssets): This fee is reviewed annually. This is to recover the cost of transporting electricity through the power grid. c) Market Support Services Fee (paid to SP Services): This fee is reviewed annually. This is to recover the costs of billing and meter reading, data management, retail market systems as well as for market development initiatives. d) Market Administration and Power System Operation Fee (paid to Energy Market Company and Power System Operator): This fee is reviewed annually to recover the costs of operating the electricity wholesale market and power system. Q1 2020 TARIFF (before 7% GST) Market Admin & PSO Fee (No Change) 0.06¢/kWh (<1%) MSS Fee (No Change) 0.40¢/kWh (1.7%) %) Network Costs (No Change) 5.44¢/kWh (22.4%) Energy Costs (Increase by 0.81¢/kWh) 18.34¢/kWh (75.7%) Appendix 3 AVERAGE MONTHLY ELECTRICITY BILLS OF DOMESTIC CUSTOMERS (TARIFF WEF 1 JANUARY 2020) (before 7% GST) Types of Premises Average monthly consumption per Customer Average Monthly Bill New Average Monthly Bill Average Change in Monthly Bill kWh $(a) $(b) $(b-a) % HDB 1 Room 125.84 29.48 30.50 1.02 3.5 HDB 2 Room 168.47 39.47 40.84 1.37 3.5 HDB 3 Room 249.72 58.51 60.53 2.02 3.5 HDB 4 Room 340.08 79.68 82.44 2.76 3.5 HDB 5 Room 395.84 92.75 95.95 3.20 3.5 HDB Executive 485.11 113.66 117.59 3.93 3.5 Apartment 530.96 124.40 128.70 4.30 3.5 Terrace 803.92 188.36 194.87 6.51 3.5 Semi-Detached 1,084.08 254.00 262.78 8.78 3.5 Bungalow 2,254.95 528.33 546.60 18.27 3.5 Average 396.44 92.89 96.10 3.21 3.5

Consumption_Water Average consumption of Water (CuM) Premises Types Dec-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25 Apr-25 May-25 Jun-25 Jul-25 Aug-25 Sep-25 Oct-25 Nov-25 HDB 1-Room 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.2 7.8 7.8 8.1 7.8 8.1 8.0 7.8 7.9 HDB 2-Room 9.0 9.0 9.1 8.4 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.3 9.2 8.8 9.1 HDB 3-Room 12.0 11.9 12.0 11.2 12.0 12.0 12.1 11.8 12.2 12.3 11.9 12.0 HDB 4-Room 15.1 14.9 15.2 14.3 15.3 15.1 15.4 14.9 15.4 15.6 15.1 15.3 HDB 5-Room 16.4 16.1 16.7 15.8 16.8 16.5 16.8 16.2 16.9 17.1 16.6 16.8 HDB Executive 18.1 17.9 18.7 17.8 18.8 18.4 18.7 18.2 18.8 19.2 18.4 18.8 Apartment 13.3 12.8 13.0 12.7 13.7 13.5 13.4 12.8 13.3 13.9 13.7 13.7 Terrace 25.6 24.7 25.7 24.7 25.7 25.1 25.6 25.1 26.1 26.5 26.0 26.0 Semi-Detached 30.9 30.4 30.6 29.8 31.0 30.4 30.9 30.5 32.0 32.5 31.1 31.6 Bungalow 50.2 49.8 49.4 48.6 51.5 48.4 49.7 49.3 50.9 53.6 49.6 52.7

News Release SP DEVELOPS FUTURE ENERGY LEADERS THROUGH FIRST ENERGY MANAGERS PROGRAMME AND INDUSTRY SCHOLARSHIPS Singapore, 2 November 2018 – Singapore Institute of Power and Gas (SIPG), as the centralised training institute for the power and gas sectors, announced today the successful completion of its first Energy Managers Programme (EMP). The pioneer cohort of 19 energy sector professionals was recognised in a ceremony during Singapore International Energy Week 2018, witnessed by Dr Tan Wu Meng, Senior Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Trade and Industry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The programme, which is under the SkillsFuture Leadership Development Initiative, is designed to build a pipeline of strong leaders for the energy sector as they address issues and opportunities in today’s transforming and disruptive landscape. Building on its inaugural run, SIPG is opening its programme to participants from ASEAN utilities and other international companies in the energy value chain, curating a broader range of experiences, perspectives and real-world applications. Mr Peter Leong, Principal of SIPG, said, “We customised this programme to help energy industry managers hone their well-rounded leadership skills through blended learning in the classroom and field trips to companies in Singapore and overseas. They have personally benefitted from networking with peers from across the value chain. They have also gleaned insights on driving advancement and innovation amidst the rapid industry disruption, in order to serve all consumers better.” Spanning five months from February this year, the programme’s first participants were emerging leaders from generation companies and SP Group. Through workshops, dialogues with senior leaders from the energy sector and government, as well as a learning trip to China, the participants were exposed to pertinent challenges the industry faces, in Singapore and around the region. They also gained valuable insights from individual coaching sessions and working on action projects. Mr Neo Bing Hui, Senior Operations Engineer, YTL PowerSeraya Ltd, said, “The Energy Managers Programme (EMP) has helped broaden my views of the industry in general, providing a different perspective of how challenges can be viewed in the energy sector. After going through EMP, I have gleaned more insights on my leadership style and how I can effectively improve communication with my team mates. I am excited to start applying what I've learnt from this programme.” The pressing need to inspire the energy sector to groom the next generation of energy leaders is why the Energy Market Authority is supporting the programme. Its Chief Executive, Mr Ngiam Shih Chun, said: “For the energy sector to embrace new opportunities and challenges, there is a need to engage and develop tomorrow's energy leaders. They will need to be agile and adopt a growth mindset to lead their organisations forward. EMA supports SIPG in playing a crucial role in providing a programme to grow our future energy leaders.” Nurturing engineering talent In developing future engineering talent, SP Group also awarded two Energy-Industry Scholarships to students from institutions of higher learning – Ms Choo Wei Ming, 19, from Ngee Ann Polytechnic and Mr Muhammad Syahiran bin Jamal, 20, from Singapore Polytechnic. SP Group’s Chief Human Resource Officer, Mr Ng Seng Huwi, presented the scholarships to Wei Ming and Muhammad Syahiran, at a ceremony during the Youth@SIEW event earlier today. The scholarship serves to nurture talent for the energy sector and support students with a passion for engineering in achieving academic and career aspirations. They will join SP Group when they complete their studies. About SP Group SP Group is a leading energy utilities group in the Asia Pacific. It owns and operates electricity and gas transmission and distribution businesses in Singapore and Australia, and district cooling businesses in Singapore and China. SP Group is committed to providing customers with reliable and efficient energy utilities services. About 1.5 million industrial, commercial and residential customers in Singapore benefit from SP Group’s world-class transmission, distribution and market support services. These networks are amongst the most reliable and cost-effective world-wide. SP Group also drives digital solutions to empower customers to manage their utilities, reduce consumption and save cost. For more information, please visit spgroup.com.sg or for follow us on Facebook at fb.com/SPGroupSG and on Twitter @SPGroupSG.

Media Release Electricity Tariff Revision For The Period 1 January To 31 March 2016 For the period from 1 Jan to 31 Mar 2016, electricity tariffs will decrease by an average of 4.2% or 0.85 cent per kWh compared to the previous quarter. The tariff reduction is due to the lower cost of natural gas for electricity generation which fell by 8.9% compared to 4Q 2015. For households, the electricity tariff will decrease from 20.35 to 19.50 cents per kWh for 1 Jan to 31 Mar 2016. The average monthly electricity bill for families living in four-room HDB flats will decrease by $3.55 SP Services reviews the electricity tariffs quarterly based on guidelines set by the Energy Market Authority (EMA), the electricity industry regulator. The tariffs given in Appendix 1 have been approved by the EMA. Issued by: SP Group 2 Kallang Sector Singapore 349277 www.spgroup.com.sg Appendix 1 ELECTRICITY TARIFFS FROM 1 JAN 2016 Appendix 2 BREAKDOWN OF ELECTRICITY TARIFF 1. The electricity tariff consists of the following four components: Energy costs (paid to the generation companies): This component is adjusted quarterly to reflect changes in the cost of power generation. Network costs (paid to SP PowerAssets): This fee is reviewed annually. Market Support Services Fee (paid to SP Services): This fee is reviewed annually. Market Administration and Power System Operation Fee (paid to Energy Market Company and Power System Operator): This fee is reviewed annually to recover the costs of operating the electricity wholesale market and power system. Q1 2016 TARIF Appendix 3 AVERAGE MONTHLY ELECTRICITY BILLS OF DOMESTIC CUSTOMERS (TARIFF WEF 1 JANUARY 2016)

Consumption_Elect Average consumption of Electricity (kWh) Premises Types Jul-23 Aug-23 Sep-23 Oct-23 Nov-23 Dec-23 Jan-24 Feb-24 Mar-24 Apr-24 May-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Sep-24 Oct-24 Nov-24 Dec-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25 Apr-25 May-25 Jun-25 HDB 1-Room 147 145 143 146 144 135 126 126 132 150 152 149 140 151 148 139 142 128 127 121 119 128 136 150 HDB 2-Room 190 190 189 190 188 176 164 167 173 199 199 195 183 198 192 183 186 166 168 161 156 169 181 195 HDB 3-Room 271 272 269 274 269 247 236 241 250 292 285 277 264 283 277 266 266 243 238 231 231 250 265 284 HDB 4-Room 371 371 367 374 370 342 321 330 342 398 396 383 360 385 381 363 365 338 327 320 309 341 363 390 HDB 5-Room 437 434 427 437 436 401 367 381 399 463 466 448 416 447 446 427 429 397 379 374 359 399 425 457 HDB Executive 531 536 528 541 530 478 456 474 489 575 568 544 515 546 548 520 523 481 462 458 445 495 522 562 Apartment 546 514 515 537 541 483 430 435 486 578 573 543 500 513 539 523 519 486 446 419 417 476 516 548 Terrace 868 866 859 890 881 804 740 794 821 957 900 872 838 847 885 851 851 785 747 744 714 775 823 881 Semi-Detached 1,159 1,134 1,150 1,187 1,174 1,065 1,019 1,038 1,109 1,254 1,224 1,170 1,128 1,126 1,168 1,137 1,141 1,056 1,000 974 960 1,031 1,080 1,173 Bungalow 2,320 2,219 2,298 2,308 2,358 2,075 2,106 1,951 2,146 2,432 2,360 2,266 2,220 2,121 2,347 2,192 2,190 2,012 2,004 1,872 1,904 2,016 2,154 2,244

Consumption_Gas Average consumption of Gas (kWh) Premises Types Nov-23 Dec-23 Jan-24 Feb-24 Mar-24 Apr-24 May-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Sep-24 Oct-24 HDB 1-Room 35 36 38 38 37 38 35 34 33 35 35 34 HDB 2-Room 36 36 37 38 38 40 37 34 34 36 36 34 HDB 3-Room 51 49 50 52 53 56 50 48 47 51 51 49 HDB 4-Room 62 61 61 64 66 69 62 58 58 62 63 61 HDB 5-Room 69 67 65 70 73 77 68 64 63 69 70 68 HDB Executive 73 70 70 74 78 82 73 68 68 72 74 72 Apartment 85 83 85 91 94 93 80 76 77 82 86 88 Terrace 105 103 100 108 120 114 93 97 98 98 105 107 Semi-Detached 123 118 115 120 133 130 117 105 115 115 120 117 Bungalow 201 200 213 192 220 234 209 168 197 185 198 206

Particulars of Electrical Installation FORM CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE Name of Consumer: _______________________________________________________________ Address of Installation: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Electrical Installation Licence No.: ____________________ MSS Account No.: ___________________ Approved load & Supply Voltage: ___________________ kW ___________________ Volts Generator(s) Installed: Operated in parallel with PowerGrid’s network No. of Generator(s): ________ Rating: _________kVA Standby Generator No. of Generator(s): ________ Rating: _________kVA Not Applicable Electrical Installation Design Certification I certify that the design of the above-mentioned electrical installation complies with the requirements of the Electricity (Electrical Installations) Regulations 2002 and the relevant Singapore Standard Code of Practice. With the certification of compliance by the LEW responsible for the installation work as shown below, I hereby request for the energisation of the supply line to the said electrical installation on _________________ (date). ___________ __________ Name & Signature of LEW responsible Licence No. Date for design of electrical installation* Electrical Installation Inspection Certification I have supervised the work of the above-mentioned electrical installation and hereby certify that the electrical installation complies with the requirements of the Electricity (Electrical Installations) Regulations 2002 and the relevant Singapore Standard Code of Practice. I further certify that the technical requirements as stipulated by the person responsible for turning on the switchgear which controls the supply of electricity to the said electrical installation have been complied with. ___________ __________ Name & Signature of LEW responsible Licence No. Date for electrical installation work* *The same LEW may perform both design and installation work for the electrical installation. Copy to: Market Support Services Licensee REF: E(EI)Reg5(2)

Consumption_Water Average consumption of Water (CuM) Premises Types Aug-24 Sep-24 Oct-24 Nov-24 Dec-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25 Apr-25 May-25 Jun-25 Jul-25 HDB 1-Room 8.1 8.3 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.2 7.8 7.8 8.1 7.8 HDB 2-Room 9.4 9.5 9.2 9.3 9.0 9.0 9.1 8.4 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 HDB 3-Room 12.4 12.5 12.2 12.2 12.0 11.9 12.0 11.2 12.0 12.0 12.1 11.8 HDB 4-Room 15.6 15.7 15.3 15.5 15.1 14.9 15.2 14.3 15.3 15.1 15.4 14.9 HDB 5-Room 16.9 17.1 16.7 17.0 16.4 16.1 16.7 15.8 16.8 16.5 16.8 16.2 HDB Executive 18.8 19.1 18.5 18.8 18.1 17.9 18.7 17.8 18.8 18.4 18.7 18.2 Apartment 13.1 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.3 12.8 13.0 12.7 13.7 13.5 13.4 12.8 Terrace 25.7 26.7 25.9 26.2 25.6 24.7 25.7 24.7 25.7 25.1 25.6 25.1 Semi-Detached 31.5 33.4 31.4 32.2 30.9 30.4 30.6 29.8 31.0 30.4 30.9 30.5 Bungalow 48.1 54.7 52.4 52.4 50.2 49.8 49.4 48.6 51.5 48.4 49.7 49.3

Consumption_Elect Average consumption of Electricity (kWh) Premises Types Jan-24 Feb-24 Mar-24 Apr-24 May-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Sep-24 Oct-24 Nov-24 Dec-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25 Apr-25 May-25 Jun-25 Jul-25 Aug-25 Sep-25 Oct-25 Nov-25 Dec-25 HDB 1-Room 126 126 132 150 152 149 140 151 148 139 142 128 127 121 119 128 136 150 143 150 136 136 144 127 HDB 2-Room 164 167 173 199 199 195 183 198 192 183 186 166 168 161 156 169 181 195 190 195 177 177 188 164 HDB 3-Room 236 241 250 292 285 277 264 283 277 266 266 243 238 231 231 250 265 284 273 280 257 259 271 242 HDB 4-Room 321 330 342 398 396 383 360 385 381 363 365 338 327 320 309 341 363 390 381 388 358 355 377 334 HDB 5-Room 367 381 399 463 466 448 416 447 446 427 429 397 379 374 359 399 425 457 450 459 423 417 444 392 HDB Executive 456 474 489 575 568 544 515 546 548 520 523 481 462 458 445 495 522 562 554 562 520 513 546 478 Apartment 430 435 486 578 573 543 500 513 539 523 519 486 446 419 417 476 516 548 536 541 513 501 538 500 Terrace 740 794 821 957 900 872 838 847 885 851 851 785 747 744 714 775 823 881 848 866 817 818 836 785 Semi-Detached 1,019 1,038 1,109 1,254 1,224 1,170 1,128 1,126 1,168 1,137 1,141 1,056 1,000 974 960 1,031 1,080 1,173 1,123 1,121 1,072 1,056 1,107 1,016 Bungalow 2,106 1,951 2,146 2,432 2,360 2,266 2,220 2,121 2,347 2,192 2,190 2,012 2,004 1,872 1,904 2,016 2,154 2,244 2,175 2,168 2,190 2,074 2,202 2,040

GRID-TIED PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM: APPLICATION FOR DECOMMISSIONING OF PV SYSTEM IN THE PREMISES To: SP PowerGrid Ltd 2 Kallang Sector Singapore 349277 For official use only Application No. Date Received PART I : APPLICANT’S DETAILS I hereby acknowledge the application to decommission the entire PV system in my premises as given in Part II by my Licensed Electrical Worker responsible for the PV system, including closing of associated PV account (if applicable). Name of Company / Applicant: Department / Sub-BU: Name of Authorised Person & Designation: Forwarding Address: Telephone: Email: Signature: Date: (DD/MM/YYYY) PART II : PV INSTALLATION DETAILS (TO BE COMPLETED BY LEW) Installation Address: Electrical Installation License No.: Utility Account No (Existing): Installation Intake Voltage: Existing Approved PV Capacity: kWp kWac I, (LEW No.: ), the (Name) undersigned Licensed Electrical Worker (LEW) for the PV system at the above premises, wish to apply for decommissioning of the entire PV system at the above premises on: Date: (at least 30 days in advance from date of application) (DD/MM/YYYY) Signature: Date: (DD/MM/YYYY) Page 1 of 1 Ver 1.0

新 能 源 展 开 电 动 车 入 网 测 试 推 动 电 动 车 在 本 地 普 及 化 新 能 源 电 网 总 裁 邱 秀 金 为 具 有 V2G 功 能 的 日 产 Leaf 纯 电 动 车 充 电 。 ( 新 能 源 集 团 提 供 ) 新 能 源 集 团 展 开 电 动 车 入 网 (Vehicle-to-grid, 简 称 V2G) 技 术 测 试 , 探 讨 利 用 储 存 在 电 动 车 电 池 内 的 电 源 来 加 强 电 网 的 可 靠 性 , 推 动 电 动 车 在 本 地 的 发 展 与 普 及 化 。 通 过 V2G 技 术 , 电 源 能 够 从 电 网 和 电 动 车 的 锂 离 子 电 池 双 向 流 动 。 电 动 车 除 了 能 使 用 电 网 充 电 , 当 太 阳 能 等 可 再 生 能 源 因 天 气 状 况 而 出 现 波 动 时 , 储 存 在 电 动 车 电 池 内 的 电 源 也 能 输 出 至 电 网 , 用 来 平 衡 电 网 的 电 量 。 新 能 源 集 团 (SP Group) 在 文 告 中 说 , 集 团 将 提 供 四 个 充 电 设 施 , 以 进 行 V2G 技 术 的 测 试 。 这 项 测 试 将 探 讨 V2G 的 功 能 与 应 用 如 频 率 调 节 、 从 电 动 车 输 出 电 源 以 减 少 传 统 电 源 的 需 求 、 减 轻 配 电 系 统 中 电 压 过 高 或 过 低 的 问 题 , 以 及 在 尖 峰 和 非 尖 峰 时 段 的 电 动 车 充 电 能 力 。 测 试 工 作 预 计 将 在 明 年 6 月 完 成 。 新 能 源 集 团 指 出 , 若 V2G 技 术 可 行 , 这 将 是 个 具 有 成 本 效 益 的 方 案 , 能 解 决 电 源 间 歇 性 的 问 题 。 同 时 , 在 必 要 时 使 用 储 存 在 电 动 车 电 池 内 的 电 源 , 车 主 或 也 能 获 得 一 笔 费 用 。 新 能 源 集 团 总 裁 黄 天 源 说 : “ 作 为 全 国 电 网 的 经 营 者 , 我 们 必 须 建 造 可 靠 、 智 能 的 电 网 , 以 确 保 我 们 的 电 源 系 统 能 应 付 日 后 因 使 用 电 动 车 , 所 带 来 的 负 荷 增 加 。 为 推 动 可 持 续 性 的 能 源 , 我 们 也 积 极 投 资 并 使 用 智 能 能 源 方 案 , 加 强 电 网 使 用 可 再 生 能 源 的 能 力 。”